Refineries Are Now the Main Chokepoint for Global Energy Supplies

The ongoing conflicts in Iran and Ukraine have highlighted a critical vulnerability in global energy supplies: refineries. These facilities have become the main bottleneck, as disruptions in Middle East and Russian oil exports have led to severe shortages and price spikes. This situation underscores the need for more resilient and diversified energy infrastructure worldwide, as the world grapples with the complexities of geopolitical tensions. The focus on refining capacity is essential for ensuring energy security and stability in the future.